Exploring Gender Oppression in Sweat by Zora Neale Hurston: Feminist Literary Criticism

Authors

  • I Gusti Ayu Mahatma Agung Universitas Udayana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47766/saree.v7i1.6018

Keywords:

Feminist literary criticism, Gender oppression, Women in literature

Abstract

The research aims to analyse gender oppression in the short story Sweat written by Zora Neale Hurston. This study seeks to understand how gender oppression is represented through literary work. Using a qualitative method, the study relied on textual analysis by identifying and closely examining selected narrative data that highlight the main character’s experiences of oppression. The analysis was conducted using the theory of oppression proposed by Iris Marion Young, which offers a framework for understanding how various forms of oppression affect marginalised individuals. The findings reveal that four forms of oppression are reflected in the story, namely exploitation, marginalisation, powerlessness, and violence. The main character was exploited through her unrecognised and undervalued labor, which sustained her household while benefiting her abusive husband. She was marginalised through her social isolation and lack of emotional support from those around her. Her powerlessness was portrayed through her inability to make decisions or assert control over her own life, largely due to emotional and psychological manipulation. Finally, she was subjected to physical and emotional violence that further stripped away her sense of safety and autonomy. These findings highlight how Sweat critiques gender-based oppression in both domestic and societal contexts.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis penindasan gender dalam cerita pendek berjudul Sweat karya Zora Neale Hurston. Studi ini berupaya memahami bagaimana penindasan gender direpresentasikan melalui karya sastra. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis teks dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji secara mendalam data naratif yang menyoroti penindasan yang dialami oleh tokoh utama dalam cerita pendek tersebut. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori penindasan yang dikemukakan oleh Iris Marion Young. Teori ini memberikan kerangka untuk memahami bagaimana berbagai bentuk penindasan memengaruhi individu yang terpinggirkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat bentuk penindasan yang tercermin dalam cerita, yaitu eksploitasi, marginalisasi, ketidakberdayaan, dan kekerasan. Tokoh utama dieksploitasi melalui kerja kerasnya yang tidak diakui dan tidak dihargai, meskipun menopang kehidupan rumah tangganya dan justru menguntungkan suaminya yang kasar. Marginalisasi tercermin melalui isolasi sosial dan kurangnya dukungan emosional dari lingkungan sekitarnya. Ketidakberdayaan tokoh utama terlihat dari ketidakmampuannya dalam mengambil keputusan atau mengendalikan hidupnya sendiri, yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh manipulasi emosional dan psikologis. Tokoh utama juga mengalami kekerasan fisik dan emosional yang mengikis rasa aman dan otonominya sebagai individu. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Sweat merupakan karya sastra yang secara kritis menggambarkan penindasan berbasis gender dalam konteks domestik maupun sosial.

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Published

2025-06-21

How to Cite

Agung, I. G. A. M. (2025). Exploring Gender Oppression in Sweat by Zora Neale Hurston: Feminist Literary Criticism. Saree: Research in Gender Studies , 7(1), 73–87. https://doi.org/10.47766/saree.v7i1.6018