Contemporary Islamic Law Discourse in Indonesia: Social and Political Implications of Islamic Law Legislation

Abstract

This article explores the social and political impacts of Islamic law legislation in Indonesia, identifying the challenges arising from its implementation and providing a critical perspective on the effectiveness and sustainability of such policies. It also aims to offer insights into how this legislation affects the relationship between central and regional governments and its implications for human rights. The research employs a literature review method, analyzing various relevant sources, including journal articles, books, and research reports, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon and present a critical analysis of the impacts of Islamic law legislation. The study's key findings include increased societal polarization, the strengthening of group identities based on religion, and the emergence of challenges in enforcing equitable and impartial law. While the legislation is intended to enhance public morality and social justice, its implementation often encounters significant resistance and controversy, both at local and national levels. The article also finds that the relationship between central and regional governments becomes more strained, and human rights are frequently overlooked in the process of enforcing these laws. The implementation of Sharia Regional Regulations (Perda Syariah) in Indonesia, viewed through the lens of Karl Marx's Conflict Theory, reflects the dominance of ruling groups that utilize Islamic law to maintain power, exacerbate social inequality, and create conflicts between majority and marginalized groups, including discrimination against minorities and gender inequality.