Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy

Pandangan Tokoh Falak tentang Elongasi pada Penentuan Awal Syawal 1443 H dalam Kriteria Neo MABIMS di Indonesia

Nur Aini, Youla Afifah Azkarrula — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Indonesia implemented the Neo MABIMS criteria for the first time at the beginning of Ramadan and Shawwal 1443 H/2021 AD. However, the application of this new criterion raises an issue of problems in determining the beginning of Shawwal 1443 H. This problem arises in the implementation of the elongation parameter. So there is a confusion that arises for experts and observers of falak in the case of the beginning of the month. This will lead to uncertainty if it is not studied. Therefore, this research was raised using field research and qualitative approach. Data collection in this study was carried out by interviewing Indonesian Falak figures and some data using documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis method and triangulation method to obtain valid results. The results of this study indicate that the Neo MABIMS criteria are the result of a new agreement from the renewal of previous criteria with higher parameters. The problem in determining the beginning of Shawwal 1443 H by implementing the Neo MABIMS criteria arises due to the lack of agreement on the use of geocentric or topocentric elongation parameters. In this Shawwal case, the experts decided to use geocentric elongation by considering maslaha (public interest). However, for this case, it was still in an ambiguous state due to there were two paradigms from the Falak figures regarding the implement of elongation, namely geocentric and topocentric.

Kajian Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Dalam Sudut Pandang Filsafat Ilmu

Lauhatun Nashiha, Mahsun Mahsun — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

At first Ilmu Falak was no different from Astronomy. The study of astronomy is as broad as astronomy. However, over time there has been a narrowing of studies in Ilmu Falak. Why is that? Does that make it different from astronomy? This paper will discuss this using a philosophical approach. Data were obtained from various literatures which were then analyzed. This research attempts to study astronomy from a philosophical point of view

Kriteria Baru Mabims 3-6,4: Upaya Penyatuan Kalender Hijriah di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Maqāṣid Al-Syarī'ah

Moh. Fadllur Rohman Karim , Mahsun Mahsun — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Minister of Religion Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Singapore which is abbreviated to MABIMS. Several things have been agreed upon by the ministers of religion from the four countries, including the criteria for imkān rukyat. The MABIMS criteria regarding the new moon have undergone several changes. The new MABIMS criteria or MABIMS hilal neo-visibility are a hilal height of 3⁰ and an elongation of 6.4⁰. These new criteria are applied to unite Muslims, especially in Indonesia, in the Hijri calendar. The author understands that there is something interesting about the neo-visibility of the MABIMS hilal in the form of a maqāṣid al-syarī'ah perspective. This study is from a point of view that is still related to fiqh considering the connection between the neo-visibility of the MABIMS new moon in determining rukyatulhilal. The author found that the MABIMS hilal neo-visibility criteria are from the perspective of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah or the objectives of the shari'a. Maqāṣid al-syarī'ah regarding the criteria for the neo-visibility of the new moon MABIMS related to ḥifẓ al-dīn in the categorization of ḥajiyat with consideration of the impact that will occur in efforts to unify the Hijri calendar not to the level of eliminating souls, changing the order of worship itself and destroying natural sustainability, which is more about setting prayer times, not the essence of worship. The government's efforts in adopting these new criteria are none other than an effort to avoid difficulties and difficulties in the context of Muslim harmony and togetherness as well as strengthening the sense of brotherhood.

Verification of Kastner Visibility of Hilal Observation Results at Condrodipo Rukyat Center in 1444 H

Nur Faizah; Muhammad Muadz Dzulikrom — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Kastner Hilal visibility method is one of numerous contemporary observation techniques developed with the objective of monitoring the appearance of Hilal with greater precision. This paper presents a discussion of Hilal observations conducted at the Condrodipo Rukyat Center. The visibility results are analyzed using curve graphs, facilitating the assessment and validation of the observations. The findings demonstrate that employing the Kastner mathematical model can corroborate visibility with a substantial degree of concurrence, regardless of atmospheric constraints and sky conditions. However, the results of observer reports in the field are often inconsistent with model predictions, especially in conditions of low Hilal altitude and naked eye observations. Therefore, more rigorous scientific verification and reliable methodologies are needed to confirm observations for the integrity of the determination of the beginning of the lunar month.

Perbandingan Medan Pandang Teleskop dalam Pengamatan Konjungsi Bulan – Jupiter dari Kota Medan, Barus, dan Lhokseumawe

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Astronomical phenomenon occur for only a limited amount of time. Observing these phenomenon requires competent promoters and appropriate instruments. The field of view is one of the things that needs to be clearly known so that the observation can take place properly. In this study, joint observations were made between IAIN Lhokseumawe Falak Science Study Programme and OIF UMSU in Medan and Barus. The instruments used in these observations are different, resulting in a variety of fields of view and calculations are needed to get a description of the results. This study aims to calculate the field of view and visibility of the observed phenomenon, the conjunction of the Moon - Jupiter. The results obtained are for the instrument used by IAIN Lhokseumawe Falak Science Study Program at Malikussaleh Observatory has a field of view of 2°7'46.13‘ × 1°25'22.25’, the instrument used by UMSU Medan Falak Science Observatory has a field of view of 1°8'26.96‘ × 0°54'45.57’, and the instrument used by the OIF UMSU Barus team has a field of view of 1°0'43.74’ × 0°41'1.98. Using this combination of instruments cannot observe the conjunction phenomenon, because the elongation of the Moon - Jupiter at the time of the observation is >4°, so to be able to get the visibility of the phenomenon in 1 image requires an instrument that produces a field of view of ~5°.

Uji Akurasi Hasil Pengukuran Arah Kiblat Pegawai Kemasjidan Kua Menggunakan Aplikasi Google Earth

Iyan Hasjun, Andi Jusran Kasim, Nur Astaman Putra — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to analyze the accuracy of qibla direction measurements conducted by mosque employees in the Limboro District, Polewali Mandar Regency, using the Google Earth application. The research method employed is descriptive field research with sociological, normative Islamic, and astronomical approaches. Data was collected through direct measurements by mosque employees using qibla compass tools combined with smartphone compass applications. Subsequently, the qibla direction of mosques and musala was evaluated using the Google Earth application. The research findings indicate that out of 12 mosques and 1 musala sampled, only 3 mosques have accurate qibla directions consistent with the measurements. Meanwhile, the other 9 mosques and 1 musala show significant deviations in qibla direction. These deviations point toward countries such as Yemen, Nigeria, Tanzania, Kenya, and Egypt, with variations ranging from 2° to 27°. The implications of this research can be used to enhance qibla direction measurement methods to align with Islamic Sharia regulations.